Understanding Levels of Education in Kenya: What Job Seekers and Employers Need to Know
In Kenya, education is a key driver of career growth and access to job opportunities. Yet many job seekers and employers alike are unclear about what each qualification level actually means and how it impacts hiring and career decisions.
At AjiraLink, we work with candidates and employers across all industries, so we know how important it is to demystify Kenya’s education system. Whether you’re polishing your CV or hiring your next team member, this guide will help you understand Kenya’s education pathways—from primary school to PhDs—and how they fit into the job market.
1. Basic Education (Primary and Secondary School)
This is the foundation stage, offered in public and private schools.
Early Childhood Education (Baby Class – PP2)
For ages 4–5, focused on language, play, and basic numeracy.
Primary School (Grades 1–6 / Std 1–8)
- Under CBC: Grades 1–6
- Under 8-4-4: Standard 1–8
Ends with KPSEA (CBC) or KCPE (phasing out).
Junior Secondary (Grades 7–9)
Part of the new CBC system, focusing on career exploration and foundational skills.
Senior Secondary (Grades 10–12)
Learners choose pathways: Sciences, Arts, or Social Sciences.
KCSE (Form 4)
Final exam under 8-4-4, determining eligibility for university or TVET programs.
Example: A C+ opens doors to university; a D+ can lead to diploma or certificate courses at TVET colleges.
2. TVET (Technical and Vocational Education and Training)
TVET programs equip learners with job-ready, practical skills.
Artisan Certificate
For KCPE or KCSE D- and below
E.g., plumbing, motor vehicle repair, tailoring
Duration: 6 months–1 year
Craft Certificate
For KCSE D or D+
E.g., Certificate in ICT, Hairdressing, Electrical Installation
Duration: 1–2 years
Diploma
For KCSE C- to C plain
E.g., Business Management, Electrical Engineering
Duration: 2–3 years
Higher National Diploma (HND)
For diploma holders advancing into supervisory roles
Duration: 1–2 years
Offered at institutions like Kenya Technical Trainers College, Kabete Polytechnic, and accredited TVETs countrywide.
3. University Education
This pathway emphasizes academic and professional specialization.
Bachelor’s Degree
Entry: KCSE C+ or a relevant diploma
E.g., Bachelor of Commerce (BCom), Bachelor of Education (BEd), Bachelor of Laws (LLB)
Duration: 4–6 years
Postgraduate Diploma
For degree holders wanting specialized skills
E.g., Postgraduate Diploma in Education (PGDE)
Master’s Degree
Entry: Bachelor’s degree (often Second Class Upper)
E.g., MBA, MSc in Finance
Duration: 1.5–2 years
PhD (Doctorate)
The pinnacle of academic achievement
Entry: Master’s degree
Duration: 3–6 years
PhDs are common in academia, research, and specialized consulting.
Why This Matters in the Job Market
For Job Seekers:
✔ Clearly state your highest qualification on your CV.
✔ Use local terms (e.g., Diploma, Bachelor’s Degree) to avoid confusion.
✔ If you studied abroad, get your qualification equated by KNQA or CUE.
For Employers:
✔ Understand the value of each level—don’t underestimate diploma or TVET holders.
✔ Focus on skills and practical experience, not just degrees.
✔ Consider TVET graduates—they often come job-ready with hands-on expertise.
Final Thoughts
Kenya’s education system offers diverse pathways—academic, technical, and professional—each adding value to the workplace. From craft certificates to PhDs, every qualification plays a role in driving the economy forward.
At AjiraLink, we champion skills-based hiring, helping employers match the right talent to the right role, and guiding candidates on how to best position their qualifications.
💬 Need help reviewing CVs, shortlisting candidates, or creating job descriptions aligned with Kenyan education levels? Reach out to the AjiraLink team—we’re here to support your success.
